| Sources |
- [source4071152014] 9ZZM-YPY
FamilySearch.org, (Publication Date: 19 MAY 2024
Media: Website / URL).
Eleanor de Bohun (c. 1366 – 3 October 1399) was the elder daughter and co-heiress (with her sister, Mary de Bohun), of Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford (1341–1373) and Joan Fitzalan, a daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and his second wife Eleanor of Lancaster.
Marriage
In 1376, Eleanor married Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester. Thomas was the youngest son of Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. Following their marriage, the couple went to reside in Pleshey Castle, Essex. According to Jean Froissart, Eleanor and her husband had the tutelage of her younger sister, Mary, who was being instructed in religious doctrine in the hope that she would enter a convent, thus leaving her share of the considerable Bohun inheritance to Eleanor and Thomas.
Issue
Together Eleanor and Thomas had five children:
Humphrey, 2nd Earl of Buckingham (c. 1381/1382 – 2 September 1399)
Anne of Gloucester (c. 1383 – 1438) married (1st) Thomas Stafford, 3rd Earl of Stafford; (2nd) Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford; and (3rd) William Bourchier, Count of Eu. Her son by 3rd marriage, John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners, was grandfather of Richard Neville, 2nd Baron Latimer of Snape.
Joan (1384 – 16 August 1400) married Gilbert Talbot, 5th Baron Talbot (1383–1419). Died in childbirth.
Isabel (12 March 1385/1386 – April 1402), became a Minoress, later abbess, in a religious house near Aldgate[6]
Philippa (c. 1388) Died young
Order of the Garter
Eleanor de Bohun was made a Lady of the Garter in 1384. She became a nun sometime after 1397 at Barking Abbey. Prior to her death, Eleanor divided her holdings among her children. [7] She died on 3 October 1399 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. Her executors included the chaplain in Pleshy, Essex.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_de_Bohun
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Royal Ancestry by Douglas Richardson, Vol. 1 pg 90, 426, 478/79; Vol. 5 pg 12
... elder daughter and co-heiress of Humphrey de Bohun, K.G., Earl ofHereford, Essex, and Northampton.
The same year {1394} Eleanor and her children obtained a papal indult that their confessor may hear their confessions and give absolution.
==========
Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
ELEANOR de Bohun, daughter of HUMPHREY [X] de Bohun Earl of Hereford, Essex and Northampton & his wife Joan FitzAlan ([1366]-Minoresses’ Convent, Aldgate, London 3 Oct 1399, bur Westminster Abbey). The History of the foundation of Walden abbey names “Alianoram…et Mariam” as the two daughters of “Humfredus filius domini Willielmi de Bohun, comitis de Northampton” and his wife “dominam Joannam filiam comitis Arundellæ”, adding that Eleanor was wife of “domino Thomæ de Woodstock…regis Angliæ Edwardi tertii filio, duci Gloucestriæ et comiti Buckinghamiæ”. The will of "Eleanor Duchess of Gloucester, Countess of Essex", dated 9 Aug 1399, chose burial “in the church of the abbey of Westminster...near the body of my...husband Thomas Duke of Gloucester and seventh son of King Edward the Third”, bequeathed property to “my...mother the Countess of Hereford...my son Humphrey...my daughter Anne...my daughter Johanne...my daughter Isabel sister to the...Minoresses”. The History of the foundation of Walden abbey records the death “1399 V Non Oct” of “Elianora ducissa Gloucestriæ” and her burial at Westminster.
==========
Wiki (9-2013):
Lady Eleanor de Bohun (c. 1366 - 3 October 1399) was the elder daughter and co-heiress with her sister, Mary de Bohun, of their father Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford. Her mother was Lady Joan Fitzalan, daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and his second wife Eleanor of Lancaster.
In 1376, she married Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester. Thomas was the youngest son of Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. Following their marriage, the couple went to reside in Pleshey Castle, Essex. Eleanor and her husband had the tutelage of her younger sister, Mary, who was being instructed in religious doctrine. This was being done in the hope that she would enter a convent, thus leaving her share of the considerable Bohun inheritance to Eleanor and Thomas.
Together Eleanor and Thomas had five children:
Humphrey, 2nd Earl of Buckingham (c. 1381 - 2 September 1399)
Anne of Gloucester (c. 1383 - 1438) married (1st) Thomas Stafford, 3rd Earl of Stafford; (2nd) Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford; and
(3rd) William Bourchier, Count of Eu. Her son by 3rd marriage, John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners, was grandfather of Richard Neville,
2nd Baron Latimer of Snape. Richard's granddaughter, Anne Dawney, was ancestress of Zachary Taylor, 12th President of the U.S.A.
Joan (1384 - 16 August 1400) married Gilbert Talbot, 5th Lord Talbot (1383-1419). Died in childbirth.
Isabel (12 March 1385/1386 - April 1402)
Philippe (c. 1388) Died young
Eleanor de Bohun was invested as a Lady Companion, Order of the Garter in 1384. She became a nun sometime after 1397 at Barking Abbey. She died on 3 October 1399 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
==========
'Plantagenet Ancestry', by Douglas Richardson pg 138
==========
'Magna Carta Ancestry', by Douglas Richardson, Pg 105, 120
...elder daughter; aged 7 in 1373.
In 1394 Eleanor and her children obtained a papal indult that their confessor may hear their confessions and give absolution.
https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/9ZZM-YPY
- [source4071152021] Inquisitions Post Mortem (IPMs) for Eleanor Duchess of Gloucester, (Publication Date: 1399).
126 ELEANOR DUCHESS OF GLOUCESTER
Writ 3 Oct. 1399.
LINCOLN. Inquisition. Grantham. 26 Jan. 1400.
She held in her demesne as of fee the manor of Long Bennington of the honour of Richmond, service unknown. There are several buildings, annual value nil; a dovecot, 40d.; 5 carucates with meadow and pasture, £20; £50 annual rent of free tenants and villeins, payable at the four terms, Michaelmas £30, Christmas £7, Easter £7 and Midsummer £6; customary works of villeins, nil beyond the payment which the lord makes to them according to the custom of the manor; perquisites of court held every 3 weeks, beyond expenses of the steward 60s.; and 2 watermills, £4.
She died on 3 Oct. last. Her daughters and heirs are Anne wife of Edmund earl of Stafford, of full age, 17 years and more; Joan, also of full age, 15 years and more; and Isabel, aged 13 on 23 April last.
127
Writ 3 Oct. 1399.
ESSEX. Inquisition. Braintree. 20 Dec.
She held in her demesne as of fee of the king in chief, service unknown:
Pleshey, the castle and manor with the advowson of the chapel in the castle, annual value 100s.
Great Waltham, the manor, annual value £50.
High Easter, the manor with 30s. assize rent from the manors of Hellesdon and Oxnead in Norfolk, annual value, including the 30s., £50; and the court of the honour, annual value £4.
Shenfield, the manor, annual value £20.
Chishall, view of frankpledge, annual value 3s.4d.
She held in her demesne as of fee of William Bourgcher, knight, service unknown, the manor of Wix, annual value £26 13s.4d.
She also held an annuity of £40 10s.10d. payable by the sheriff by halves at Easter and Michaelmas; the office of constable of England, as elder daughter of Humphrey Bohun, earl of Hereford, and her husband held it as of her right all his life; and in her demesne as of fee, in chief, service unknown, the manor of Farnham, annual value 20 marks.
Date of death and heirs as above.
[Exchequer copy] Total extent, apart from fees of the constable, £169 10s.
128
HERTFORD. Inquisition. Bishop’s Stortford. 19 Feb. 1400.
She held in her demesne as of fee of the king in chief, service unknown:
Nuthampstead in Barkway, a third part of the manor, annual value 73s.4d.
Hoddesdon, as part of the barony of the county of Essex, view of frankpledge, and court of the honour of Hertford, annual value 17s.4d., namely frankpledge 4s., court 13s.4d.
Farnham in Essex, 40 a. in Hertfordshire as part of the manor.
Date of death and heirs as above.
129
Writ. 3 Oct. 1399.
CAMBRIDGE. Inquisition. Cambridge. 26 Jan. 1400.
She held in her demesne as of fee, of the king in chief, view of frankpledge in Sawston, which should be held once yearly on the morrow of St. Barnabas, annual value 5s.
Date of death and heirs as above.
130
Writ. 3 Oct. 1399.
OXFORD. Inquisition. Oxford. 17 Feb. 1400.
She held in fee tail by a grant of Edward III to William de Bohun and the heirs of his body:
Kirtlington, the manor, of the king in chief as a third part of a knight’s fee, annual value 20 marks.
Deddington, the manor, of the king in chief as a third part of 2 fees, annual value 20 marks.
Great Haseley, the manor and advowson, of the honour of Wallingford by knight service, annual value 40 marks.
Pyrton, the manor, similarly held, annual value £16 13s.4d.
By a grant of Richard II [CChR V, p.291, 1384] she held in her demesne as of fee view of frankpledge in Haseley and Pyrton, annual value 40s.
Date of death and heirs as above, except that Anne’s age is given as 18, not 17.
131
BERKSHIRE. Inquisition. Abingdon. 23 Feb. 1400.
She held two parts of the manor of Woodspean of the king in chief, service unknown, annual value £6.
Date of death and heirs as above, Anne aged 18.
132
Writ 3 Oct. 1399.
HEREFORD AND THE ADJACENT MARCH OF WALES. Inquisition. Weobley. 25 Feb. 1400.
She held in her demesne as of fee of the king in chief, service unknown, the castle and lordship of Huntington in the Welsh march, annual value 43 marks.
Date of death as above. Anne, Isabel and Joan are her daughters and heirs, ages unknown.
133
Writ of privy seal to John Mauns, escheator. The earl of Stafford and Anne his wife have complained that certain escheators, including the escheator for Herefordshire, have failed to do their office in response to writs of diem clausit extremum, because, as they say, they have been told by the council not to perform it without special order. Order to proceed as the law and custom of the realm requires, 7 March 1400.
HEREFORD AND THE ADJACENT MARCH OF WALES. Inquisition. Hereford. 26 April.
Findings exactly as last, with different jurors.
134
Writ 3 Oct. 1399.
GLOUCESTER AND THE ADJACENT MARCH OF WALES. Inquisition. Chipping Sodbury. 16 Feb. 1400.
She held in her demesne as of fee of the king in chief:
Wheatenhurst, the manor, service unknown, annual value £21 7s.
Caldicot castle and Shirenewton, by baron service, annual value 40 marks.
Date of death as above. Her heirs are Anne countess of Stafford, Joan and Isabel, aged 18 years and more, 15 years and more, and, on 23 April last, 13.
135
Writ 3 Oct. 1399.
NOTTINGHAM. Inquisition. Kneesall. 5 March 1400.
She held in her demesne as of fee of the king in chief the manor of Kneesall, service unknown, comprising several ruinous buildings, annual value nil; 180 a. arable with meadow and pasture, £4 13s.4d.; an enclosed park, with herbage, 13s.4d.; a windmill, 6s.8d.; 21s.7 1/2d. assize rents payable equally at Martinmas and Whitsuntide, and £13 19s. payable at the four principal terms; 1 lb. cumin at Martinmas; and 1 lb. pepper at Whitsun.
Date of death and heirs as in last.
J. L. Kirby, 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry IV, Entries 103-152', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem: Volume 18, Henry IV (London, 1987), pp. 35-49. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/inquis-post-mortem/vol18/pp35-49 [accessed 13 December 2019].
- [source4071152022] Eleanor de Bohun, Duchess of Gloucester, "Westminster Abbey", (Publication Date: 19 MAY 2024
Media: Website / URL).
Eleanor was a daughter and co-heir of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, Essex and Northampton (1342-1373) and his wife Joan, daughter of Richard (Fitzalan), Earl of Arundel. She was aged 7 at her father's death and she and her younger sister Mary inherited his large estates.
In 1385 Eleanor married Thomas (of Woodstock), Duke of Gloucester (1355-1397), youngest son of Edward III. Thomas was accused of conspiring against Richard II and was arrested, taken to Calais and murdered by being smothered in a feather bed. He was brought back to Westminster Abbey and buried in St Edmund's chapel but was later moved to the chapel of St Edward the Confessor to be near his father Edward by order of Henry IV. Thomas's brass no longer survives. (The white tomb slab next to Eleanor's which has Thomas's name on it is to Mary Countess of Stafford not to Thomas - see below).
Their only son Humphrey, Earl of Buckingham, died in 1399 and Eleanor is said to have died of grief soon after. They had four daughters: Anne married firstly the Earl of Stafford and secondly Sir William Bourchier, Joan died unmarried in 1400, Isabel entered a nunnery and Philippa died young. Eleanor's sister Mary de Bohun (d.1394) married Henry of Lancaster, the future Henry IV.
Burial
Eleanor was buried in the chapel of St Edmund in the Abbey and a fine brass to her memory remains on top of a low free-standing marble altar tomb. It shows her standing beneath an elaborate triple canopy wearing a widow's veil, her head resting on two embroidered cushions. Above her head is the Bohun emblem of a swan. The inscription around the rim is in French and can be translated:
Here lies Eleanor de Bohun, daughter and co-heir of the honourable knight Sir Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, Essex and Northampton, and Constable of England, wife of the mighty and noble prince Thomas of Woodstock, son of the excellent and mighty prince Edward, King of England, the Third since the Conquest, Duke of Gloucester, Earl of Essex and Buckingham, and Constable of England, who died 3 October in the year of grace 1399.
Five out of six of the coats of arms still remain to the sides of the effigy -top left shows the arms of Thomas of Woodstock, top right those of Woodstock impaling Humphrey de Bohun and Milo Earl of Hereford, mid left de Bohun (azure, a bend argent cotised between six lions rampant or), mid right Bohun impaling FitzAlan and Warren and lower left Milo, Earl of Hereford.
Mary Countess of Stafford and her son Henry
Next to Eleanor's tomb is one for a descendant Mary Countess of Stafford. The Latin on her white marble altar tomb can be translated:
Mary Countess of Stafford, wife of William, Viscount Stafford, descended from the royal stock of Thomas of Woodstock and Eleanor de Bohun, Duke and Duchess of Gloucester, and from the barons and earls of Stafford and a daughter and heir of the house of the dukes of Buckingham, lies buried near the ashes of her ancestor. She died on the Ides of January in the 74 year of her age, and of our Redemption 1693.
On the wall nearby is a monument and this inscription can be translated:
This monument was erected by order of the Most Honourable Henry, Earl of Stafford, in memory of his beloved mother, Mary Countess of Stafford, who body lies buried near this spot in this chapel; so also is deposited here the body of the aforesaid Henry, Earl of Stafford who died 27th day of April, year of Our Lord 1719 in his 72nd year.
He had an unhappy marriage with Claude-Charlotta, daughter of the Count of Gramont. In his will he was scathing about them both and just left her "the worst of women" enough money to buy a pullet for her supper.
Hugh and Mary de Bohun
These two infant children of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Constable of England, and his wife Princess Elizabeth daughter of King Edward I, were buried in a small Purbeck marble tomb in 1304 and 1305 respectively. The tomb had been in St Nicholas's chapel but was moved to St John the Baptist's chapel sometime between 1532 and 1600. It's possible that it was originally in the chapel of St Edward and displaced by Richard II when he wished to place his tomb there. No inscription remains. The tomb was opened in 1937.
The rubbing of Abbey brasses is not permitted.
Further reading
Les Seigneurs de Bohon by Jean Le Melletier, 1978
On some recent discoveries in Westminster Abbey (tomb of the Bohun children described)
Photos of the coffins are in the Abbey collection
DIED
3rd October 1399
LOCATION
Chapel of St Edmund
MEMORIAL TYPE
Tomb
MATERIAL TYPE
Brass
https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/commemorations/eleanor-de-bohun-duchess-of-gloucester
- [source4071152023] Eleanor (Bohun) of Gloucester LG (abt. 1366 - 1399) [wikitree], (Publication Date: 19 MAY 2024
Media: Website / URL).
Eleanor "Duchess of Gloucester" of Gloucester LG formerly Bohun aka de Bohun
Born about 1366 in England
Daughter of Humphrey (Bohun) de Bohun KG and Joan (FitzAlan) de Bohun
Sister of Elizabeth (Bohun) de Bohun and Mary (Bohun) de Bohun LG
Wife of Thomas (Plantagenet) of Woodstock KG — married before 24 Aug 1376 [location unknown]
Mother of Humphrey (Plantagenet) of Buckingham, Anne (Plantagenet) of Gloucester, Joan (Plantagenet) Talbot, Isabel Plantagenet and Philippa Plantagenet
Died 3 Oct 1399 at about age 33 in Minoresses Convent, Aldgate, London, England
Biography
Eleanor de Bohun was the daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, Earl of Essex, Earl of Northampton, and his wife Joan FitzAlan (also known as Joan de Arundel). Eleanor was recorded as age 7 in 1373, suggesting she was born about 1366.[1][2]
Before 24 August 1376 she married Thomas of Woodstock, youngest legitimate son of King Edward III.[1][3] They had 1 son and 3 daughters[1][3]:
Humphrey (died unmarried)[1]
Anne, wife of Sir Thomas de Stafford, 3rd Earl of Stafford; of Sir Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford; and of Sir William Bourchier, Constable of the Tower of London[4]
Joan, wife of Sir Gilbert, 5th Lord Talbot[1]
Isabel (nun)[1]
In 1384 Eleanor was made a Lady of the Garter (LG) by Richard II.[5][6]
In 1394 she and her husband were granted a licence to found a college of priests at Pleshey in Essex.[1]
After her husband's death she retired to a convent. She made her will on 9 August 1399, styling herself "Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester, Countess of Essex". She died on 3 October 1399[7] at the Minoresses' Convent, Aldgate, and as she requested, was buried at St. Edmund's Chapel "in the church of the abbey of Westminster...near the body of my...husband Thomas Duke of Gloucester and seventh son of King Edward the Third."[1][3][8] Later her husband's remains were moved to the Confessor's Chapel in Westminster Abbey[1] but hers - as she requested in the event her husband's were moved[3][9] - remained in St. Edmund's Chapel.[9][10]
Eleanor's monument in Westminster features an incised brass with Purbeck marble matrix and low-lying base. The Duchess is depicted wearing widow's garb of veil and wimple without a ducal coronet. Her tomb has a triple-arched canopy containing the Bohun swan badge. The Purbeck tomb base is too shallow to have accommodated Eleanor's coffin, which almost certainly lies beneath it.[9]
Eleanor's will left bequests to the convent of the Minoresses near London, without Aldgate, the convent of Llanthony near Gloucester, and the church and abbey of Walden, Essex, where her father was buried.[3]
Inquisitions Post Mortem by writ dated 3 October 1399. Her heirs were her daughters Anne, wife of Edmund Earl of Stafford, of full age, age 17 and more; Joan, of full age, age 15 and more; and Isabel, aged 13 on "23 April last".[7]
Research Notes
Marriage Date: No record of the date of her marriage to Thomas of Woodstock seems to have been found. In considering the following, one needs to bear in mind the length of time that could be taken over detailed negotiations of the terms of a marriage as well as Eleanor's own age (though aristocratic marriages in childhood were not that uncommon in this period) and the common practice of a marriage being agreed while at least one of the parties was a fairly young child, with the marriage ceremony not taking place till some time later.
Both Magna Carta Ancestry and the Complete Peerage state that the marriage took place before 24 August 1376.[1][3]
The Complete Peerage cites an entry in the Close Rolls for 8 February 1376 describing Eleanor as Thomas's wife,[11] but appears not to regard that as firm evidence that the actual wedding ceremony had taken place by then, as it states in the main text of the entry for Thomas of Woodstock that the marriage was before 24 August that year.[3] The Close Rolls reference to her being Thomas's wife could just mean that the couple were firmly betrothed.
On 3 April 1374 Thomas of Woodstock was granted a number of manors in anticipation of the marriage.[1][12] The manors had previously been held by her father, and in the grant it was stated that he "will take to wife" Eleanor de Bohun.[12] It may nonetheless have been a while before the marriage actually took place.
The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography entry for Thomas of Woodstock suggests hesitantly that the marriage may have been in early summer 1374, citing a record in the Register of John of Gaunt, dated 1 June 1374, of the order of a goblet and ewer to be delivered to Eleanor on her marriage day[12][13]: clearly the marriage had not taken place by then, and it is possible that this gift was ordered some months or more before the wedding.
T Anna Leese in her book Blood Royal does not give a marriage date.[14]
Alison Weir, in Britain's Royal Families, states, without giving a source, that the marriage was before 8 February 1376, and may possibly have been in 1374, and adds that there is no record of where it took place.[15]
Medlands also suggests that the marriage was before 8 February 1376, but again without a source.[8]
Daughter Philippa: Marlyn Lewis cites Paget for an additional daughter Philippa, born about July 1389, dead by 3 Oct 1399.[16] If the only source for this is the one described in MedLands, she looks very dubious. The Westminster Abbey website also refers to Philippa, with no source, adding that she died young.[10] Eleanor's instructions about her burial refer to her children Humphrey, Anne, Joan and Isabel, but not to a daughter called Philippa.[8]
Death Location: Maureen Duffy gives a different death place. She states that Eleanor retired to the Benedictine nunnery at Barking in London where she died in 1399.[9] T Anna Leese in Blood Royal also states that Eleanor retired to Barking Abbey.[17] Eleanor's will, though, left bequests to the convent of the Minoresses without Aldgate, not to Barking Abbey.[3] And according to Wikipedia her daughter Isabel had been placed in the convent of the Minoresses.[18]
Sources
↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, 2nd edition (Salt Lake City: the author, 2011), volume I pp.277-80 BOURCHIER 8.
↑ Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, I:245-247 BOHUN 7.
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 G E Cokayne. Complete Peerage, new edition, Vol. 5, St Catherine Press 1926, pp.727-8
↑ Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, I:280 BOURCHIER 9.
↑ List of Knights and Ladies of the Garter, web
↑ George Frederick Beltz. Memorials of the Order of the Garter, from Its Foundation to the Present Time, W Pickering, 1841, p. 247, Google Books
↑ 7.0 7.1 J. L. Kirby, 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry IV, Entries 103-152', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume 18, Henry IV (London, 1987), pp. 35-49. British History Online [accessed 15 November 2020]: #126-155.
↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Charles Cawley. Eleanor de Bohun, entry in "Medieval Lands" database.
↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Maureen Duffy. Royal Tombs of Medieval England, The History Press 2003, pp. 162-163
↑ 10.0 10.1 Westminster Abbey website - Westminster Abbey burials: Eleanor de Bohun
↑ G E Cokayne, Complete Peerage, volume 5, p. 720, footnote f
↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: 'Thomas [Thomas of Woodstock], duke of Gloucester', 2004, revised online 2008, available online via some libraries
↑ The text of the Register entry (in French) is in John Of Gaunt's Register, volume II, Camden Society, 1911, pp. 224-5, entry 1431, Internet Archive. The gifts are to be delivered to "nostre tres ame seur la dame de Wodstok le jour de son mariage."
↑ T Anna Leese. Blood Royal: Issue of the Kings and Queens of Medieval England 1066-1399, Heritage Books 2007, p. 114
↑ Alison Weir. Britain's Royal Families, new edition, Pimlico, 2002, reissued by Vintage Books, 2008, p. 115
↑ Marlyn Lewis. Our Royal, Titled and Commoner Ancestors, Philippa Plantagenet.
↑ T Anna Leese. Blood Royal: Issue of the Kings and Queens of Medieval England 1066-1399, Heritage Books 2007, p.170
↑ Wikipedia: Abbey of the Minoresses of St Clare without Aldgate
Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. Salt Lake City: the author, 2011. See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City: the author, 2013. See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry. Additional Royal Ancestry citations (from Lewis):
Vol. I, pp. 90, 425-6 and 477-482
Vol. V, pp. 13-14 and 119
Cokayne, G E. Complete Peerage, new edition Vol. 5, ed. the Hon Vicary Gibbs and H A Doubleday, St Catherine Press 1926, pp. 727-8.
Lewis, Marlyn. Alianore de Bohun, entry in "Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors and Cousins" database (accessed 7 May 2019). Note: Listed under "Reliable Sources with Conditions" (see the Magna Carta Project's Reliable Sources page).
Cawley, Charles. "Medieval Lands": A prosopography of medieval European noble and royal families © by Charles Cawley, hosted by Foundation for Medieval Genealogy (FMG). See also WikiTree's source page for MedLands.
Duffy, Maureen. Royal Tombs of Medieval England, The History Press 2003
Wikipedia: Eleanor de Bohun
"Eleanor (Bohun) of Gloucester LG (abt. 1366." Wikitree https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bohun-80. Accessed 19 May. 2024.
- [source4071152025] Eleanor de Bohun, "Wikipedia", (Publication Date: 19 MAY 2024
Media: Website / URL).
Eleanor de Bohun[a] (c. 1366 – 3 October 1399) was the elder daughter and co-heiress (with her sister, Mary de Bohun), of Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford (1341–1373)[3] and Joan Fitzalan,[4] a daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and his second wife Eleanor of Lancaster.
Marriage
In 1376, Eleanor married Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester.[3] Thomas was the youngest son of Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. Following their marriage, the couple went to reside in Pleshey Castle, Essex. According to Jean Froissart, Eleanor and her husband had the tutelage of her younger sister, Mary, who was being instructed in religious doctrine in the hope that she would enter a convent, thus leaving her share of the considerable Bohun inheritance to Eleanor and Thomas.[5]
Issue
Together Eleanor and Thomas had five children:
Humphrey, 2nd Earl of Buckingham (c. 1381/1382 – 2 September 1399)
Anne of Gloucester (c. 1383 – 1438) married (1st) Thomas Stafford, 3rd Earl of Stafford; (2nd) Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford; and (3rd) William Bourchier, Count of Eu. Her son by 3rd marriage, John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners, was grandfather of Richard Neville, 2nd Baron Latimer of Snape.
Joan (1384 – 16 August 1400) married Gilbert Talbot, 5th Baron Talbot (1383–1419). Died in childbirth.
Isabel (12 March 1385/1386 – April 1402), became a Minoress, later abbess, in a religious house near Aldgate[6]
Philippa (c. 1388) Died young
Order of the Garter
Eleanor de Bohun was made a Lady of the Garter in 1384. She became a nun sometime after 1397 at Barking Abbey. Prior to her death, Eleanor divided her holdings among her children. [7] She died on 3 October 1399 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. Her executors included the chaplain in Pleshy, Essex.[8]
Notes
(...) because of the number of sons born to the higher nobility in the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, (...) The emphasis on agnatic lineage was reflected in the fact that the woman kept her natal family name when she married and did not become fully a member of her marital kin.[2]
References
Aged 7 at her father's death in 1373. Cokayne, G.E. (1926). Vicary Gibbs; H.A. Doubleday; Duncan Warrand; Lord Howard de Walden (eds.). The Complete Peerage. Vol. 6 (2nd ed.). London: St Catherine Press. p. 474.
Duggan & Ward 2000, p. 251.
Ward 2013, p. 133.
Dunn 2003, p. table A2.3.
Ward 1995, p. 21.
Ward 2013, p. 143.
Ward 2013, p. 101.
Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; CP 40/561; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT2/H4/CP40no561/bCP40no561dorses/IMG_1843.htm; Peyntour, Hugh, chaplain of the free chapel within the Castle of Plessy
Sources
Dunn, Alastair (2003). The Politics of Magnate Power in England and Wales, 1389-1413. Oxford University Press.
Duggan, Anne; Ward, Jennifer C. (2000). Nobles and Nobility in Medieval Europe: Concepts, Origins, Transformations. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. ISBN 9780851158822.
Ward, Jennifer C. (1995). Women of the English Nobility and Gentry, 1066–1500. Manchester University Press. ISBN 0-7190-4114-7.
Ward, Jennifer C. (2013). English Noblewomen in the Later Middle Ages. Routledge.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_de_Bohun
- [source4071152026] Eleanor de Bohun, Duchess of Gloucester, and Mary de Bohun, Countess of Derby, (Publication Date: 14 JAN 2020
Media: Website / URL).
When Edward II's sister Elizabeth, countess of Holland, Hereford and Essex, died on 5 May 1316 at the age of thirty-three, she left seven surviving children from her second marriage to Humphrey de Bohun, earl of Hereford and Essex (d. 1322). Elizabeth's fourth eldest surviving son, after John, born 1305, and Humphrey, born 1307, was William, a younger twin of Edward. Edward de Bohun drowned in Scotland in 1334 and left no children, and William was made first earl of Northampton by their first cousin Edward III in 1337. The de Bohun twins' year of birth is uncertain; they may have been born c. 1309 or c. 1312/13.
William de Bohun married Elizabeth, born c. 1310 as one of the four daughters, and ultimately the four Badlesmere co-heirs after their brother Giles's death in 1338, of Bartholomew, Lord Badlesmere (executed 14 April 1322). Elizabeth was the widow of Edmund Mortimer, eldest son of Roger Mortimer (executed 29 November 1330), first earl of March. Edmund did not outlive his father very long: the writ for his inquisition post mortem was issued on 21 January 1332. [1] Elizabeth Badlesmere and Edmund Mortimer had a son, Roger Mortimer, born in Ludlow, Shropshire on 11 November 1328, later the second earl of March, and William de Bohun's stepson. [2]
Elizabeth Badlesmere and William de Bohun's son Humphrey was born in Rochford, Essex on 24 March 1342*, and they also had a daughter, Elizabeth (d. 1385), probably younger than her brother, who married Richard, earl of Arundel (c. 1347-97). Humphrey born in 1342 was heir to his father's earldom of Northampton, and was also heir to his unmarried and childless uncle Humphrey de Bohun, earl of Hereford and Essex. William de Bohun died on 16 September 1360 and his older brother Humphrey on 15 October 1361, and the younger Humphrey proved his age on 8 April 1363 and came into the three earldoms. [3] It's worth noting that Humphrey de Bohun born in 1342 was a younger half-brother of Roger Mortimer (b. 1328), second earl of March and uncle of Edmund (b. 1352), the third earl, and that he was exactly the same age as Blanche of Lancaster, duchess of Lancaster, born 25 March 1342.
* According to his proof of age, though an entry on the Fine Roll dated 6 May 1363 says "...since the Annunciation last, on which day he came of full age," and the Annunciation is 25 March. [4]
Humphrey de Bohun the younger married Joan, eldest child of Richard, earl of Arundel (c. 1313-76) and his second wife Eleanor of Lancaster, before 27 October 1359, and Joan's brother the younger Richard married Humphrey's sister Elizabeth around the same time. [5] Humphrey was seventeen and Joan thirteen or fourteen when they married. They were to have two children, or at least, two children who survived infancy: Eleanor and Mary de Bohun, who shared their father's large inheritance between them. Eleanor de Bohun married Edward III's youngest son Thomas of Woodstock (b. 1355), duke of Gloucester and earl of Buckingham, and her sister Mary married Thomas's nephew Henry of Lancaster (b. 1367), later King Henry IV, son of Thomas of Woodstock's older brother John of Gaunt.
Humphrey de Bohun, earl of Hereford, Essex and Northampton, died on 16 January 1373, aged only thirty; his widow Joan outlived him by forty-six years. In his inquisition post mortem, his daughters and heirs Eleanor and Mary were said to be aged seven and more and four and more, or seven and three and more. [6] Unfortunately Eleanor and Mary's proofs of age, which would give us their exact dates of birth, no longer exist, though there are references to the proofs of age in the chancery rolls which make it apparent that they were both, like their father in 1342, born in the county of Essex.
There is, however, evidence that can narrow down Eleanor and Mary de Bohun's likely dates of birth. Eleanor was said to be "now of age", i.e. fourteen for a married woman, on 8 May 1380, and she and Thomas of Woodstock were given her share of her late father’s lands on 22 June 1380 after she proved that she had come of age. An inquisition taken in Essex on 9 April 1380 says that Eleanor was "aged 14 years on the feast of St Barnabas last", which if accurate would give her a date of birth around 11 June 1365, though in that case it is not clear why she and Thomas did not receive her lands until June 1380. [7] It seems most likely that Eleanor was born not too long before 8 May 1366.
The date of Eleanor de Bohun and Thomas of Woodstock's wedding is not recorded, but they were certainly married by 24 August 1376. [8] On 1 June in an unstated year, John of Gaunt ordered a large silver cup and matching ewer to be "delivered to our beloved sister the lady of Woodstock [la dame de Wodstok] on her wedding day." [9] That's certainly a reference to Eleanor de Bohun, and as Thomas of Woodstock did not receive a title until July 1377 on the day of his nephew Richard II's coronation, it made sense for Gaunt to refer to his new sister-in-law politely as 'the lady of Woodstock'. It's rather frustrating that Gaunt's letter on this matter does not give the year, though it might well date to 1374 rather than 1376, as it's recorded in his register in the middle of other letters and instructions dating to 1374. Thomas of Woodstock, born 7 January 1355, was rather more than eleven years older than his wife, so would have to wait a good while until she was old enough to consummate the marriage; it's entirely possible that Eleanor was only eight years old at the time of her wedding, and she certainly wasn't more than ten.
Eleanor’s younger sister and co-heir Mary de Bohun, who would marry John of Gaunt’s son Henry of Lancaster in early February 1381, was probably born not too long before 22 December 1370, as on 22 December 1384 she and Henry were given her share of her late father's lands as she had come of age. [10] The Essex inquisition of 9 April 1380 mentioned above states that Mary was then nine years old, which fits well with the likelihood that she was born in or a little before December 1370. Her father's IPM of early 1373 states, however, that she was then either three or four, whereas it seems more probable that she was actually only two years old when her father died, and that her sister Eleanor was six going on seven in January 1373, being approximately four years and eight months older than her sister. Mary was most probably only ten years old when she married Henry of Lancaster in February 1381 (born in April 1367, Henry himself was thirteen going on fourteen), and there are several references in her father-in-law John of Gaunt's register and in the chancery rolls to indicate that she would remain with her mother until she turned fourteen, and that Gaunt himself and his nephew Richard II gave Countess Joan money for Mary's maintenance.
Mary gave birth to her eldest child Henry of Monmouth, later King Henry V, in September 1386 when she was probably fifteen years and nine months old. As Ian Mortimer points out in his biography of Henry IV, a child born in April 1382 who has often been wrongly assigned to Mary and Henry was in fact Mary's nephew Humphrey of Buckingham, later called Humphrey of Gloucester after his father received the dukedom of Gloucester in 1385. [11] Humphrey was the eldest child of Eleanor de Bohun and Thomas of Woodstock, and was obviously named in honour of her late father. Eleanor had either recently turned sixteen or was shortly to turn sixteen when she gave birth to Humphrey. If I'm correct that Mary de Bohun was born not too long before 22 December 1370, it's physically impossible that she could have given birth to a child in April 1382; she would only have been ten years old when Humphrey was conceived in c. July 1381 and eleven when he was born. Bizarrely, one modern writer has given the non-existent child born to Mary and Henry in April 1382 the name 'Edward' and has stated that he only lived for four days. It's amazing how creative you can be when inventing details about non-existent children. The same writer has stated that Mary de Bohun turned fourteen on 15 February 1382, but no source is cited and I have no idea what it is, and if so, it's hard to explain why she and Henry were not given their lands until almost three years later in December 1384.
Both Eleanor and Mary de Bohun lived tragically short lives. Mary died in June 1394, aged about twenty-three and a half, having borne six children in under eight years. Eleanor died in October 1399 aged thirty-three, just a month after losing her only son Humphrey of Gloucester. Their mother the dowager countess of Hereford outlived them both by many years and died in 1419, six years into the reign of her grandson Henry V. Mary de Bohun never became duchess of Hereford and Lancaster or queen of England as she died before her husband received those titles and before he took the throne in September 1399, and she was only countess of Derby. Henry buried her at the Newarke in Leicester, which was founded in 1330 by his great-grandfather Henry, earl of Lancaster, and extended by his grandfather Henry of Grosmont, first duke of Lancaster. Henry's stepmother Constanza of Castile and his brothers, sons of John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster who died in infancy, were also buried in the Newarke.
Eleanor de Bohun lived through the tragedy of her husband Thomas of Woodstock's murder in September 1397, and wrote her will at Pleshy Castle in Essex on 9 August 1399. [12] To her son Humphrey she left a 'bed of black damask', a coat of mail, a psalter and several books in French. Seventeen-year-old Humphrey died on 2 September 1399, and Eleanor on 3 October 1399, but she did not update her will after his death; perhaps she was too ill or grief-stricken. In the end, only one of her children lived into adulthood and had children: Anne of Gloucester (1383-1438), countess of Stafford and Eu, ancestor of the dukes of Buckingham and numerous others. Eleanor's other three daughters died at the age of sixteen or younger.
Sources
1) Calendar of Fine Rolls 1327-37, p. 293; Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem 1327-36, no. 387.
2) CIPM 1347-52, no. 247.
3) CIPM 1352-60, no. 639; CIPM 1361-65, nos. 485, 543.
4) CFR 1356-68, pp. 258-59.
5) Calendar of Patent Rolls 1358-61, pp. 274, 304.
6) CIPM 1370-73, no.167.
7) CPR 1377-81, p. 502; Calendar of Close Rolls 1377-81, pp. 390-95; CCR 1381-85, pp. 511-16, 548; CIPM 1377-84, no. 201.
8) CPR 1374-77, p. 337.
9) John of Gaunt's Register 1371-75, no. 1431.
10) CCR 1381-85, pp. 511-16, 548.
11) Ian Mortimer, The Fears of Henry IV: The Life of England's Self-Made King (2007), pp. 370-71.
12) Testamenta Vetusta, vol. 1, pp. 146-49.
https://edwardthesecond.blogspot.com/2020/01/eleanor-de-bohun-duchess-of-gloucester.html
- [source4071152024] Eleanor de Bohun of Woodstock, "Find a Grave Index", (Media: Website / URL).
Name Eleanor de Bohun of Woodstock
Birth Date 1366
Death Date 03 Oct 1399
Event Type Burial
Event Place Westminster, City of Westminster, Greater London, England
Cemetery Westminster Abbey
Photograph Included Y
Note Contains Biography
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Eleanor de Bohun was the elder daughter and co-heiress with her sister Mary de Bohun, of their father Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford.
Her mother was Joan Fitzalan, daughter of Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel and his second wife Eleanor of Lancaster.
In 1376 she was married to Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester. Thomas was the youngest son of Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault.
They had five children:
1. Humphrey Plantagenet, 2nd Earl of Buckingham (c. 1381 - 2 September 1399)
2. Anne Plantagenet (c. 1383 - 1438) married to Thomas Stafford, 3rd Earl of Stafford, Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford and William Bourchier
3. Joan Plantagenet (1384 - 16 August 1400) married to Gilbert Talbot, 5th Baron Talbot (1383-1419). Died in childbirth.
4. Isabelle Plantagenet (12 March 1385/1386 - April 1402)
5. Philippa Plantagent (c. 1388) Died young)
Eleanor de Bohun was invested as a Lady Companion, Order of the Garter in 1384. She was a nun after 1397 at Barking Abbey.
"Find a Grave Index," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVK9-5NZR : 19 October 2022), Eleanor de Bohun of Woodstock, ; Burial, Westminster, City of Westminster, Greater London, England, Westminster Abbey; citing record ID 35078837, Find a Grave, http://www.findagrave.com.
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1366 - 1399 (33 years)
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